Anowicz



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WIKTOB VON FLORYANOWIOZ, OF WARSAW, RUSSIA.

PROCESS OF PRODUCING ARTIFICIAL EMERY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 601,246, dated March 29, 1898.

Application filed April 12, 1897- Serial No. 631,846. (No specimens.)

T0 at whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WIKTOR VON FLORY- ANOWIGZ, a subject of the Emperor of Russia,

residing at Warsaw, Russia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Producing Artificial Emery, of which'the following is a specification.

This invention refers to the manufacture of artificial grinding and polishing material and in grinding-wheels, grindstones,and other tools made therewith. This material forms an excellent substitute for emery and is applicable to the grinding and polishing of very hard substances, such as porcelain, "glass, and steel.

1 For producing the material I intimately mix purified fire-clay with Water, so as to form a pasty mass, which I dry and then burn at a temperature of about 1,200 to 1,500 centigrade. (1,200 centigrade equals 2,192 Fahrenheit and 1,300 centigrade equals 2,372 Fahrenheit.) The result is a uniformly hard product having a hardness of eight to nine on the Mohrs scale, or equal to that of emery.

If it should happen in case of fire-clay of various qualities that it does not melt at 1,200

. to 1,300 centigrade, then I add about ten per cent. of feldspar or two per cent. burnt lime.

. The burnt clay is ground by rolls or edge-runners and sieved through various fine sieves, so that powders of different fineness are obtained, which are equal in hardness to the Naxos emery and can be similarly applied.

To make grinding or polishing wheels or grindstones from this material, I mix inti- -mately forty per cent. of the grinding-powder with forty-five per cent. of ground fire-clay and fifteen per cent. of manganese and moisten the mixture with water, press into shape in molds, dry the objects so made, and burn them at aheat of about 800 centigrade. (800 centigrade equals 1,472 Fahrenheit.) The addition of manganese serves to give the wheels or grindstones a darker color.

The material made by the process described is half the cost of Naxos emery, grinds hard materials better than the said emery, and is more durable. It has also the-advantage This new material may be glued onto can- I vas, leather, or paper.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. The process herein described of manufacturing a grinding and polishing material adapted for making grindstones, grindingwheels and the like, the said process consisting in burning purified fire-clay, mixed with a small percentage of feldspar or burnt lime, at a temperature of about 1,200 to 1,300 centigrade and then grinding the burned material to reduce it to the desired condition of fineness.

2. The process herein described of manufacturing grindstones and other grinding tools, said process consisting in burning purified fire-clay at a temperature of about 1,200 to 1,300 centigrade, grinding the burned material, mixing the same with fire-clay and water to form a paste, pressing the same in molds, and burning the objects molded at a temperature of about 800 centigrade, substantially as set forth. 7

3. The process herein described'of manufacturing grindstones and other grindingtools, said process consisting in mixing with purified fire-clay a small percentage of feldspar or burnt lime, burning the mixture at a temperature of about 1,200 to 1,300 centigrade, grinding the burned material, mixing the same with fire-clay and water to form a paste, pressing the same in molds, and burning the objects molded at a temperature of about 800 centigrade, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WIKTOR V. FLORYANOWIOZ.

Witnesses:

W. HAUPT, HENRY HASPER. 

